Project Description
Semiconductor heterostructures underpin modern optoelectronic technologies. A transformative approach to engineer devices with unprecedented properties is create semiconductor heterostructures from single sheets of atoms. Uniquely, one can stretch, compress, or twist the individual atomic layers of these ‘2D’ devices, thereby altering their electronic and optical behaviour—turning insulators into conductors and non-magnetic materials into ferromagnets or even superconductors.
This project will develop a robust and reproducible method to pick up, position, atomically thin crystals directly on high-precision instruments that allow one to strain and twist the layers in-situ at cryogenic temperatures. The student will integrate 2D devices into Razorbill Instruments’ platforms and perform low-temperature optical experiments in the Quantum Photonics Lab at Heriot-Watt University to explore new regimes of strain- and twist-tuned physics. In particular, the project will enable in-situ optical interrogation of moiré heterostructures, where small differences in lattice alignment create emergent collective phenomena such as correlated insulators, superconductivity, and magnetism.
The work combines Razorbill’s expertise in precision instrumentation with Heriot-Watt’s leadership in 2D materials and photonic spectroscopy. The student will gain advanced training in nanofabrication, cleanroom processing, mechanical design, and cryogenic optical spectroscopy, developing enabling technologies of genuine industrial relevance while uncovering new physical phenomena in atomically thin materials.
Although some aspects of the design section of the project could be done remotely, all lab work must be carried out on-site. There is flexibility in hours of working though which can take into account specific circumstances. Razorbill Instrument’s lab and offices are wheelchair accessible.
CDT Essential Criteria
A Masters level degree (MEng, MPhys, MSc) at 2.1 or equivalent in Physics or relevant Engineering subject.
Desire to work collegiately, be involved in outreach, undertake taught and professional skills study.
Project Essential Criteria
Desire to work in a small company environment
An interest in nanofabrication and cleanroom techniques.
The master’s degree should include a strong practical component, (e.g. experimental physics, or a hands-on mechanical or mechanical and electrical engineering degree)
Project Desirable Criteria
Master’s degree in physics or engineering, 1st class or equivalent.
Experience in:
- Designing nanofabricated structures
- Practical cryogenics
- Optical spectroscopy
- Programming, ideally in python
The CDT
The CDT in Applied Photonics provides a supportive, collaborative environment which values inclusivity and is committed to creating and sustaining a positive and supportive environment for all our applicants, students, and staff. For further information, please see our ED&I statement: https://bit.ly/3gXrcwg.
Forming a supportive cohort is an important part of the programme and our students take part in various professional skills workshops, including Responsible Research and Innovation, and attend outreach training.
Funding
The CDT in Applied Photonics is participating in the UK Government’s TechExpert pilot scheme https://www.gov.uk/guidance/techexpert. As part of this initiative, students entering EngD and PhD programmes in 2026 who are eligible for home fee status will receive a generous stipend of £31,000.
TechExpert funded students also engage in up to 10 days per year of enriching additional activities, such as outreach to inspire future talent and initiatives that support widening participation in technology careers.
In addition to this, students have access to a conference budget of up to £4,000 and tuition fees paid for the duration of the programme.